Peer-reviewed publications
Peer-reviewed publications
Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Elizabeth Mamourian, Guray Erus, Yuhan Cui, Randa Melhem, Ilya Nasrallah, Christos Davatzikos, Haochang Shou; Leveraging Machine Learning and a Novel Data Harmonization to Improve the Precision of Imaging Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease and Dementia Clinical Trials; Manuscript under Preparation
Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Elizabeth Mamourian, Guray Erus, Yuhan Cui, Randa Melhem, Ilya Nasrallah, Haochang Shou, Christos Davatzikos; SPARE-HTN: A Novel Machine Learning brain MRI Marker Predicts Incident Hypertension and Mediates Cognitive Decline; Manuscript under Preparation
Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Elizabeth Mamourian, Guray Erus, Yuhan Cui, Randa Melhem, Haochang Shou, Christos Davatzikos; Brain anomaly detection in unspecified TBI using population neuroimaging data; Manuscript under Preparation
Sai Spandana Chintapallia, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Guray Erus, Yuhan Cui, Randa Melhem, Paraskevi Parmpi, Dhivya Srinivasan, Ilya M. Nasrallah, Junhao Wen, Pratik Chaudhari, Haochang Shou, Hao Huang, Christos Davatzikos; RESTORE: A deep learning framework for quantifying exposure-related deviations in biological measurements through personalized reference estimation via simulation-based training, Manuscript under Preparation
Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Andrea Parra Corral, Yilin Liu, Joseph Bisulca, Thomas Ren, Haifang Li, Patricia Coyle, Tim Duong; Leveraging multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and asymmetric loss functions for accurate segmentation of gray matter lesions in multiple sclerosis, Manuscript under Preparation
Filippos Anagnostakis, Michail Kokkorakis, Keenan A Walker, Ioanna Skampardoni, Junhao Wen, Guray Erus, Duygu Tosun, Vasiliki Tassopoulou, Yuhan Cui, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Dhivya Srinivasan, Randa Melhem, Elizabeth Mamourian, Haochang Shou, Ilya M Nasrallah, Christos S Mantzoros, Christos Davatzikos, Radiomic and proteomic signatures of body mass index on brain ageing and Alzheimer's-like patterns of brain atrophy; Lancet EBioMedicine, 06/2-25, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105763
Sai Spandana Chintapalli, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Haochang Shou, Yong Fan, Hao Huang, Christos Davatzikosa, Parsing disease heterogeneity in structural and functional MRI-derived measures using normative modeling and generative adversarial networks (GANs); SPIE Medical Imaging: Computer-Aided Diagnosis 13407, 747-751, 04/2025, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3040541
Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Elizabeth Mamourian; Guray Erus; Ahmed Abdulkadir; Randa Melhem; Jimit Doshi; Raymond Pomponio; Duygu Tosun; Yang An; Aristeidis Sotiras; Daniel S. Marcus; Pamela J. LaMontagne; Mark A. Espeland; Colin L. Masters; Paul Maruff; Lenore J. Launer; Jurgen Fripp; Sterling C. Johnson; John C. Morris; Marilyn S. Albert; R. Nick Bryan; Mohamad Habes; Haochang Shou; David A. Wolk; Ilya M. Nasrallah, and Christos Davatzikos; Machine learning reveals distinct neuroanatomical signatures of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in cognitively unimpaired individuals; Nature Communications, 03/2025, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57867-7
Mathilde Antoniades, Dhivya Srinivasan, Junhao Wen, Guray Erus, Ahmed Abdulkadir, Elizabeth Mamourian, Randa Melhem, Yang An, Murat Bilgel, Yuhan Cui, Sindhuja Tirumalai Govindarajan, Pamela LaMontagne, Ashish Singh, Lori Beason-Held, Daniel S. Marcus, Kristine Yaffe, Lenore J. Launer, John C. Morris, Duygu Tosun, Luigi Ferrucci, R. Nick Bryan, Susan M. Resnick, Mohamad Habes, David Wolk, Yong Fan, Ilya Nasrallah, Haochang Shou, Christos Davatzikos; Relationship between MRI brain-age heterogeneity, cognition, genetics and Alzheimer’s diseaseneuropathology, Lancet e-BioMedicine, 10/2024, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105399
Zhijian Yang, Junhao Wen, Guray Erus, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Randa Melhem, Elizabeth Mamourian, Yuhan Cui, Dhivya Srinivasan, Ahmed Abdulkadir, Paraskevi Parmpi, Katharina Wittfeld, Hans J Grabe, Robin Bülow, Stefan Frenzel, Duygu Tosun, Murat Bilgel, Yang An, Dahyun Yi, Daniel S Marcus, Pamela LaMontagne, Tammie LS Benzinger, Susan R Heckbert, Thomas R Austin, Shari R Waldstein, Michele K Evans, Alan B Zonderman, Lenore J Launer, Aristeidis Sotiras, Mark A Espeland, Colin L Masters, Paul Maruff, Jurgen Fripp, Arthur W Toga, Sid O’Bryant, Mallar M Chakravarty, Sylvia Villeneuve, Sterling C Johnson, John C Morris, Marilyn S Albert, Kristine Yaffe, Henry Völzke, Luigi Ferrucci, R Nick Bryan, Russell T Shinohara, Yong Fan, Mohamad Habes, Paris Alexandros Lalousis, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, David A Wolk, Susan M Resnick, Haochang Shou, Ilya M Nasrallah, Christos Davatzikos; Brain aging patterns in a large and diverse cohort of 49,482 individuals, Nature Medicine, 08/2024, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-03144-x
Ioanna Skampardoni, Ilya M Nasrallah, Ahmed Abdulkadir, Junhao Wen, Randa Melhem, Elizabeth Mamourian, Guray Erus, Jimit Doshi, Ashish Singh, Zhijian Yang, Yuhan Cui, Gyujoon Hwang, Zheng Ren, Raymond Pomponio, Dhivya Srinivasan, Sindhuja Tirumalai Govindarajan, Paraskevi Parmpi, Katharina Wittfeld, Hans J Grabe, Robin Bülow, Stefan Frenzel, Duygu Tosun, Murat Bilgel, Yang An, Daniel S Marcus, Pamela LaMontagne, Susan R Heckbert, Thomas R Austin, Lenore J Launer, Aristeidis Sotiras, Mark A Espeland, Colin L Masters, Paul Maruff, Jurgen Fripp, Sterling C Johnson, John C Morris, Marilyn S Albert, R Nick Bryan, Kristine Yaffe, Henry Völzke, Luigi Ferrucci, Tammie LS Benzinger, Ali Ezzati, Russell T Shinohara, Yong Fan, Susan M Resnick, Mohamad Habes, David Wolk, Haochang Shou, Konstantina Nikita, Christos Davatzikos; Genetic and Clinical Correlates of AI-Based Brain Aging Patterns in Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals, JAMA Psychiatry, 02/2024, https://doi.org/ 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.5599
Zhijian Yang, Junhao Wen, Ahmed Abdulkadir, Yuhan Cui, Guray Erus, Elizabeth Mamourian, Randa Melhem, Dhivya Srinivasan, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Jiong Chen, Mohamad Habes, Colin L Masters, Paul Maruff, Jurgen Fripp, Luigi Ferrucci, Marilyn S Albert, Sterling C Johnson, John C Morris, Pamela LaMontagne, Daniel S Marcus, Tammie LS Benzinger, David A Wolk, Li Shen, Jingxuan Bao, Susan M Resnick, Haochang Shou, Ilya M Nasrallah, Christos Davatzikos; Gene-SGAN: discovering disease subtypes with imaging and genetic signatures via multi-view weakly-supervised deep clustering, Nature communications, 01/2024, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44271-2
Rajat Kumar, Lilianne R Mujica-Parodi, Michael Wenke, Anar Amgalan, Andrew Lithen, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Rany Makaryus, Helene Benveniste, Helmut H Strey; Development of an MRI-Compatible Nasal Drug Delivery Method for Probing Nicotine Addiction Dynamics; Pharmaceutics, 10/2021, https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122069
Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Ruiqi Pan, Leigh Charvet, Lauren Krupp, Timothy Duong: Gray matter morphometry correlates with attentional efficiency in young-adult multiple sclerosis; Brain Sciences, 01/2021, Featured cover story, https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11010080
Elena Herranz, Céline Louapre, Constantina Andrada Treaba, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Russell Ouellette, Gabriel Mangeat, Marco L Loggia, Julien Cohen-Adad, Eric C Klawiter, Jacob A Sloane, Caterina Mainero: Profiles of cortical inflammation in multiple sclerosis by 11C-PBR28 MR-PET and 7 Tesla imaging; Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 10/2020; https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458519867320
Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Yilin Liu, M. Andrea Parra, Lev Bangiyev, Lauren Krupp, Leigh Charvet, Tim Q Duong: White matter correlates of slowed information processing speed in unimpaired multiple sclerosis patients with young age onset; Brain Imaging and Behavior, 08/2020; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-020-00345-z
David J Ouellette, Eric Van Staalduinen, Syed H Hussaini, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Patricia Stefancin, Dan-Ling Hsu, Timothy Q Duong: Functional, anatomical and diffusion tensor MRI study of radiology expertise; PLOS ONE, 04/2020; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231900
Lilianne R Mujica-Parodi, Anar Amgalan, Syed Fahad Sultan, Botond Antal, Xiaofei Sun, Steven Skiena, Andrew Lithen, Noor Adra, Eva-Maria Ratai, Corey Weistuch, Sindhuja Tirumalai Govindarajan, Helmut H Strey, Ken A Dill, Steven M Stufflebeam, Richard L Veech, Kieran Clarke: Diet modulates brain network stability, a biomarker for brain aging, in young adults; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 03/2020, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913042117
Patricia Stefancin, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Lauren Krupp, Leigh Charvet, Timothy Q Duong; Resting-State Functional Connectivity Networks Associated with Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis with Early Age Onset; Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 03/2019; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2019.03.020
M. Andrea Parra Corral, Sindhuja T.Govindarajan, Patricia Stefancin, Lev Bangiyev, Patricia K.Coyle, Tim Q.Duong; Characterization of gray-matter multiple sclerosis lesions using double inversion recovery, diffusion, contrast-enhanced, and volumetric MRI; Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, 03/2019; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2019.03.021
Céline Louapre, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Costanza Giannì, Nancy Madigan, Jacob A Sloane, Constantina A Treaba, Elena Herranz, Revere P Kinkel, Caterina Mainero. Heterogeneous pathological processes account for thalamic degeneration in multiple sclerosis: insights from 7 T imaging. Multiple Sclerosis Journal; 2018/10; https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1352458517726382
Céline Louapre, Sindhuja T. Govindarajan, Costanza Giannì, Nancy Madigan, A. Scott Nielsen, Jacob A. Sloane, Revere P. Kinkel, Caterina Mainero: The association between intra- and juxta-cortical pathology and cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis by quantitative T2* mapping at 7T MRI. NeuroImage: Clinical 11/2016; 12(C)., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2016.11.001
Elena Herranz, Costanza Giannì, Céline Louapre, Constantina A Treaba, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Russell Ouellette, Marco L Loggia, Jacob A Sloane, Nancy Madigan, David Izquierdo-Garcia, Noreen Ward, Gabriel Mangeat, Tobias Granberg, Eric C Klawiter, Ciprian Catana, Jacob M Hooker, Norman Taylor, Carolina Ionete, Revere P Kinkel, Caterina Mainero: The neuroinflammatory component of gray matter pathology in multiple sclerosis. Annals of Neurology 09/2016; 80(5)., https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24791
Céline Louapre, Govindarajan ST, Costanza Giannì, Christian Langkammer, Jacob A Sloane, Kinkel RP, Caterina Mainero: Beyond focal cortical lesions in MS: An in vivo quantitative and spatial imaging study at 7T. Neurology 10/2015; 85(19)., https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000002106
Céline Louapre, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Costanza Giannì, Julien Cohen-Adad, Michael D Gregory, A Scott Nielsen, Nancy Madigan, Jacob A Sloane, Revere P Kinkel, Caterina Mainero: Is the Relationship between Cortical and White Matter Pathologic Changes in Multiple Sclerosis Spatially Specific? A Multimodal 7-T and 3-T MR Imaging Study with Surface and Tract-based Analysis. Radiology 09/2015; 278(2):150486., https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2015150486
G Mangeat, S.T. Govindarajan, C Mainero, J Cohen-Adad: Multivariate combination of magnetization transfer, T2* and B0 orientation to study the myelo-architecture of the in vivo human cortex. NeuroImage 06/2015; 119., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.033
Caterina Mainero, Céline Louapre, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Costanza Giannì, A Scott Nielsen, Julien Cohen-Adad, Jacob Sloane, Revere P Kinkel: A gradient in cortical pathology in multiple sclerosis by in vivo quantitative 7 T imaging. Brain 02/2015; 138(4)., https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awv011
Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Julien Cohen‐Adad, Maria Pia Sormani, Audrey P Fan, Céline Louapre, Caterina Mainero: Reproducibility of T2* mapping in the human cerebral cortex in vivo at 7 tesla MRI. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging 11/2014; 42(2)., https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.24789
Audrey P Fan, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, R Philip Kinkel, Nancy K Madigan, A Scott Nielsen, Thomas Benner, Emanuele Tinelli, Bruce R Rosen, Elfar Adalsteinsson, Caterina Mainero: Quantitative oxygen extraction fraction from 7-Tesla MRI phase: Reproducibility and application in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 10/2014; 35(1)., https://doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2014.187
Walter G. O'Dell, Sindhuja Tirumalai Govindarajan, Ankit Salgia, Satyanarayan Hegde, Sreekala Prabhakaran, Ender A. Finol, R. James White: Traversing and labeling interconnected vascular tree structures from 3D medical images. SPIE Medical Imaging; 03/2014, https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2044140]
Dana L Helmreich, Daniel Tylee, John P Christianson, Kenneth H Kubala, Sindhuja T Govindarajan, William E O'Neill, Kyeesha Becoats, Linda Watkins, Steve F Maier: Active behavioral coping alters the behavioral but not the endocrine response to stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology 05/2012; 37(12)., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.04.005
Sindhuja Tirumalai Govindarajan, Elizabeth Mamourian, Dhivya Srinivasan, Guray Erus, PhD, Randa Melhem, R Nick Bryan, Haochang Shou, Ilya M. Nasrallah, and Christos Davatzikos; A Machine Learning-Based MRI Marker Predicts Incident Hypertension and Mediates the Relationship Between Hypertension and Cognition; Accepted POSTER presentation at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference, 2025
Sindhuja Tirumalai Govindarajan, Elizabeth Mamourian, Dhivya Srinivasan, Guray Erus, PhD, Randa Melhem, Haochang Shou, Ilya M. Nasrallah, and Christos Davatzikos; Investigating the combined effects of smoking and amyloid on brain structure in cognitively unimpaired adults using a machine learning-based MRI marker; Accepted POSTER presentation at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference, 2025
Sindhuja Tirumalai Govindarajan, Elizabeth Mamourian, Yuhan Cui, Junhao Wen, Guray Erus, Ahmed Abdulkadir, Randa Melhem, R. Nick Bryan, Haochang Shou, David A. Wolk, Ilya M. Nasrallah, Christos Davatzikos; Genetic variants underlying the neuro-anatomical signatures of hypertension measured on structural MRI; ORAL presentation at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference, 2023
Sindhuja Tirumalai Govindarajan, Elizabeth Mamourian; Yuhan Cui; Junhao Wen; Guray Erus; Ahmed Abdulkadir; Randa Melhem; R. Nick Bryan; Haochang Shou; David A. Wolk; Ilya M. Nasrallah, and Christos Davatzikos; Machine learning-based structural MRI biomarkers of hypertension and underlying genetic variants; Summa cum laude ORAL presentation at the Pendergrass Research Symposium, Philadelphia, PA, June 2023
Sindhuja Tirumalai Govindarajan, Elizabeth Mamourian; Guray Erus; Ahmed Abdulkadir; Randa Melhem; Jimit Doshi; Raymond Pomponio; Duygu Tosun; Yang An; Aristeidis Sotiras; Daniel S. Marcus; Pamela J. LaMontagne; Mark A. Espeland; Colin L. Masters; Paul Maruff; Lenore J. Launer; Jurgen Fripp; Sterling C. Johnson; John C. Morris; Marilyn S. Albert; R. Nick Bryan; Mohamad Habes; Haochang Shou; David A. Wolk; Ilya M. Nasrallah, and Christos Davatzikos; Machine-learning based MRI neuro-anatomical signatures associated with cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors; Alzheimer’s Imaging Consortium ORAL presentation and Alzheimer’s Association International Conferences POSTER presentation, 2022
· Nominated for best oral presentation at the Alzheimer’s Imaging Consortium, July 30, 2022
Sindhuja T. Govindarajan, Thomas Ren, Peter Hsu, Pallavi Srivastava, Hongyi Duanmu, Haifang Li, Patricia M. Coyle, Lev Bangiyev, Robert G. Peyster, Tim Q. Duong; Convolutional Neural Network for Automated Segmentation of Multiple Sclerosis White Matter Lesions on Multi-parametric MRI; ORAL presentation at the Society for Imaging Informatics in Medicine annual conference, 2020
Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Ruiqi Pan, M. Andrea Parra, Leigh Charvet, Lauren Krupp,Timothy Duong; Frontoparietal cortical thinning in impaired executive control in young-adult multiple sclerosis; Radiological Society of North America POSTER presentation, 2019
Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Gregory Bodik, Yilin Liu, Leigh Charvet, Lauren Krupp, and Timothy Duong: Functional connectivity correlates of altered intraindividual variability of processing speed in multiple sclerosis patients with young adult onset; International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine POSTER presentation, 2019
Sindhuja T. Govindarajan, M. Andrea Parra, Tao Wang, Kenneth Wengler, Chuan Huang, Xiang He, Leigh Charvet, Lauren Krupp, and Tim Q Duong: Brain structural damage and atrophy correlates of impaired processing speed in pediatric onset multiple sclerosis; Radiological Society of North America POSTER presentation, 2018
Sindhuja T Govindarajan, David J Ouellette, Junghoon Kim, and Tim Q Duong: Regional fractional anisotropy and processing speed in diffuse traumatic brain injury: An exploratory analysis using a linear regression panel model; International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine POSTER presentation, 2018
Sindhuja T. Govindarajan, M. Andrea Parra, Tao Wang, Kenneth Wengler, Chuan Huang, Xiang He, Leigh Charvet, Lauren Krupp, and Tim Q Duong: Diffusivity and the neurocognitive domains of premorbid intelligence and visuospatial memory in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis; International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine POSTER presentation, 2018
ST Govindarajan, MP Sormani, J Cohen-Adad, C Mainero: Reproducibility of surface-based laminar measures of T2 (star) relaxation decay in the cortex at 7 Tesla MRI. 28th Congress of the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis; POSTER presentation, 10/2012
Sindhuja T Govindarajan, Siddarth Chandrasekharan, Walter O’Dell: Automated Segmentation of Blood Vessels in the Presence of Fibrosis in Volumetric Lung CT Images. Biomedical Engineering Society Annual Meeting; POSTER presentation, 10/2011